Makigami Diagram

Introduction: Makigami Diagram

A Makigami diagram is a process analysis tool designed to study and improve administrative workflows and information flows within organisations. By visually mapping each step of a process, it helps identify inefficiencies, delays, and waste. It is particularly valuable for office environments where processes are often complex and less visible than in production.

Background

The Makigami diagram was developed in Japan as part of Lean methodologies and has been widely adopted in administrative and service industries. Unlike Value Stream Mapping, which focuses mainly on production, Makigami is tailored for office-based and administrative processes. Its visual and structured approach makes it easier for teams to understand, analyse, and optimise workflows.

Key Elements/Features

A Makigami diagram includes:

• Visual representation: Large sheets displaying the entire process from start to finish.
• Step-by-step analysis: Each activity is documented with its role and purpose.
• Information flows: Tracks how data and communication move across departments.
• Time tracking: Evaluates the duration of each step to highlight delays.
• Waste identification: Exposes redundant activities, bottlenecks, and waiting times.

Applications/Examples

Makigami diagrams are commonly used in administrative settings such as healthcare, finance, government, and corporate services. For example, a hospital may use the tool to analyse patient admission processes, while a bank might apply it to streamline loan application procedures.

Relevance/Impact

The objectives and benefits of Makigami diagrams include:

• Process improvement by clarifying inefficiencies.
• Cost reduction through elimination of unnecessary work.
• Increased productivity by shortening lead times.
• Enhanced quality control via early detection of errors.

By providing a clear, visual overview, Makigami diagrams help organisations align with Lean principles, supporting continuous improvement and higher-quality outcomes.

See also

• Value Stream Mapping (VSM)
• Flow Chart
• Process Mapping
• Swim Lane Diagram